HIGH SPEED MAXIMUM POWER POINT TRACKING MODULE FOR PV SYSTEMS

Abstract

PV energy is one of the favorable energy to the mankind. To increase the energy harvest and utilizing the maximum DC power from solar PV can be achieved using High Speed MPPT technique. Maximum power point tracking (MPPT) is used to track the maximum power from the solar PV. Perturb and observe (P&O) algorithm is quite effective under normal conditions. P & O algorithm fails to recognize the global maximum operating point (GMOP) under the Partial Shading Condition (PSC). This project uses a high-speed MPPT module which operates in conjunction with boost converter to track the GMOP under Partial Shading Condition. LDR (Light Dependent Resistor) sensor senses max solar power which is being given to the Microcontroller through the ADC which digitizes the LDR output. Controller then takes the decision according to then algorithm and tilts the panel towards the direction of the max energy given by LDR with the help of Servo motor. LDR sensors constantly monitor the sunlight and rotate the panel towards the direction where the intensity of sunlight is maximum. The Obtained DC is fed to the Boost Converter. The boosted DC is converted to AC using Inverter. By using high-speed MPPT module, it quickly converges to Global Maximum Operating Point. Thus the tracking time of the GMOP by the MPPT controller is considerably reduced. The tracking accuracy and efficiency are significantly better compared to other technique.

Existing System

In the existing system a feed forward control scheme is used for operating the dc–dc converter. The Feed forward control scheme also accelerates fast tracking. This scheme uses the reference voltage information from the tracking algorithm to shift the operation toward the MPP in solar PV.

Proposed System

The proposed system consists of a PV module, non-isolated boost converter for MPPT, FPGA board, filter capacitor and an inverter. The output from the solar PV panel is 12V. The maximum power is tracked using the MPPT method. The proposed High speed MPPT track the GMOP (Global Maximum Operating Point) effectively both in normal irradiance and PSCs with all improved performance aspects. The obtained PV voltage at maximum power is given as a reference to the PI controller to track the GMOP further. The proposed circuit will operate in two different modes in a very short time to obtain the maximum power point. The two modes of operation are short circuit mode (Switch ON state) and scanning (Switch OFF state). Scanning, the duty cycle of the corresponding GMOP is fed to the PWM generator to shift the operating point of the PV array to the GMOP, after which the traditional P&O method is used for further MPPT. The DC Panel output is boosted based on the switching pulses given by the PWM Generator to the boost converter. The boosted output is converted to 230 V AC using Inverter and fed to AC loads.

Architecture

BLOCK DIAGRAM