FAULT DETECTION IN TRANSFORMER USING GSM TECHNOLOGY

Abstract

Many of the electricity transmission companies across the world and Ghana in are continuously looking for ways to utilize the modern technologies, in order to improve reliability of the power supply to consumers. These transmission companies mainly relies on circuit indicators (FCIs) in order to assist the locating of specific spots within their transmission lines where power fault have been occurred. In this paper, a smart GSM and IoT based fault detection and location system was used to indicate and locate the exact spot where fault had occurred. it will provide a shorter response time for technical crew to rectify these faults and thus help to save transformers from damage and crash. These systems uses a current transformer, a voltage transformer, PIC 16F877A Microcontroller, ESP8266 module, and a GSM modem. This system automatically finds faults, analyses and classifies these faults and then, calculates the fault distance from the control room using an impedance- based algorithm method. Definitely the fault information is transmitted to the control room. In conclusion, the time required to locate a fault is desperately reduced, as the system automatically and exactly provides accurate fault location information.

Existing System

Alarm indicator, Neural-network Classifier

Proposed System

The proposed system is intended to automatically detect faults when they occur, analyze the fault to determine the type and then send information based on the fault type and fault location to the control room via GSM. The device location is determined by the SIM card in the modem, each SIM card having a unique identification and hence is used as the device’s address. The system senses, analysis and transmits. It does this with the microcontroller which analysis, interprets and sends digital signals to the I/O devices for the system to operate. By programming, the microcontroller is made to perform these functions.

Architecture

BLOCK DIAGRAM