THE DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF GPS CONTROLLED ENVIRONMENT MONITORING ROBOTIC SYSTEM BASED ON IoT AND ARM

Abstract

Environmental monitoring systems are often designed to measure and log the current status of an environment or to establish trends in environmental parameters. In this paper, we proposed an autonomous robotic system that is designed and implemented to monitor environmental parameters such as temperature, humidity, air quality, and harmful gas concentration. The robot has GPS coordinates, and it can store data on the ThingSpeak IoT platform. The mobile robot is controlled by a smartphone which runs an app built on the Android platform. The whole system is realized using a cost-effective ARM-based embedded system called Arduino and Raspberry Pi which communicates through a wireless network to the IoT platform, where data are stored, processed and can be accessed using a computer or any smart device from anywhere. The system can update sensor data to IoT server every 15 seconds. The stored data can be used for further analysis of the reduction of pollution, save energy and provide an overall living environment enhancement. The robotic system has designed for cost effective remote monitoring environmental parameters without any human intervention to avoid health risk efficiently. A proof-of-concept prototype has been developed to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed system.

Existing System

Wireless sensor and ARM-based embedded system technology

Proposed System

The proposed robotic system has designed incorporating the embedded hardware, software, and IoT components. The whole robotic system has two parts: 1. Environment Monitoring System: This system is responsible for collecting data from the sensor and uploading collected data to the IoT platform. 2. Navigation and Control System: The primary function of this system is to navigate and control the movement of the robotic system according to the instruction from the app. The environment monitoring system utilizes the Raspberry Pi to communicate with three sensors such as the DHT11, the MQ135, and MQ7 Gas sensor. The Raspberry Pi collects sensor data from targeted locations and uploads data into the IoT platform which can be accessed directly by the user. The robot is part of the Internet of Things because it requires network connectivity through a GPRS module connected with raspberry pi, it uses sensors to collect environmental parameters data, so the system needs minimum human intervention. The robot navigation and control system consists of an Arduino mega microcontroller, GPS and Compass module, DC motor and robot chassis. Arduino motor shield with L293D motor driver has been used with Arduino to control the DC motor. The navigation system utilizes the Arduino to communicate with the GPS module and the compass to navigate and move in a fixed path from the initial location to the destination. For accurate navigation, we added an ultrasonic distance sensor so that it can avoid obstacles. An App has been developed to give the instruction which communicates through the Bluetooth connection.

Architecture

BLOCK DIAGRAM