Earthquake Indicator using ATmega 328p

Abstract

Disaster management is the field dealing with or organizing proper management and use of resources, technology, and information to deal with any disastrous event or emergency. Disaster management is the proper planning to coordinate natural and any man-made disastrous event and is measured how efficiently and effectively is one’s preparedness to respond to calamity and recovery in order to lessen the impact of such events. The purpose of this paper is to design a system to detect an earthquake and give a warning message for home and industry. The design uses Arduino (ATmega328p), accelerometer (ADXL335), LEDs, and buzzer.

Existing System

This system planned to do the deployment scheme (sensor number and locations, etc.) according to the seismic district information, railway information and certain predefined performance requirements of the HR- EEW system. Then the sensor nodes were deployed according to the deployment scheme. This sensor generates a warning report that is transmitted to the railway infrastructure through the WSN. After that, the infrastructure sends the report to the trains running in the area that may be affected by the earthquake. When a train receives the report, it takes emergency responses such as braking. Meanwhile, the warning report is also sent to the railway control center which adjusts the train schedules.

Proposed System

This earthquake indicator or alarm can be designed with the help of an Arduino microcontroller (ATmega328p) and a highly sensitive accelerometer (ADXL335). Such a system works on the principle that during an earthquake due to the movement of earth surfaces when vibration crosses or is increased beyond a threshold value, then ADXL335 accelerometer senses these vibrations and gives indications either by glowing LEDs or by creating a buzzer sound. Even if the system provides with warning 60 s before the earthquake, the time can be utilized to shut the factory, stop traffic and provide cover to population. The warning can be generated based on the fact that the speed of P-wave and S-wave differs from each other. And on detection of P-wave, the warning is issued. These alarming system can not only help one to be prepared for such an emergency at household level but such a system can be used at industrial level by wiring it with a PLC to shut off the moving machines, industrial appliances, and control furnace whenever vibrations are indicated by the system to avoid and control damages to these machines. Threshold adjustment buttons are provided for this purpose. Here, in this system, we have tried to present a working model of an earthquake detection system which can help people to save lives and damage caused by earthquake and to tackle such calamity in much more efficient and effective manner. If the ADXL335 accelerometer senses acceleration or vibrations which are greater than the threshold value of the system, then blows the buzzer. This system can be used in houses, industries, or in high rise building.

Architecture

BLOCK DIAGRAM