DEVELOPMENT OF SOLAR POWER ELECTRIC VEHICLE

Abstract

This project presents solar powered motor vehicle with the efficient charging system. This solar vehicle is used as one of the cardinal energy-saving vehicles where the application of renewable energy meets sustainable energy demand with reduction of fuel cost and purification of the atmosphere. The energy for the vehicle will be supplied by Solar panel (10W). For sufficient energy management, the charging system is used. An Arduino is utilized alongside an android application for the ideal task. The android application is associated with the Bluetooth module. The directions are given to the vehicle model using the buttons present on the android application.

Existing System

Proposed System

The proposed system consists of Solar panel, Battery, Arduino, Relay, Motor driver, Motors and Bluetooth Module. Photo Voltaic Solar panels are devices that convert light energy into Direct Current. A solar panel contains a collection of Photovoltaic cells. Many small PV cells connected in series or parallel work together to provide enough direct current that can be useful. With increase in the intensity of light, voltage produced by panel also increases. A 10 Volts 3 Watts poly crystalline Solar Panel is used. Solar panel converts the light energy into DC Voltage and this voltage is boosted up by boost converter up to 14V. A boost converter (step-up converter) is a DC-to-DC power converter that Increases DC Voltage (stepping down current) from its input to its output. Lead-Acid Battery is a rechargeable battery, commonly used in automobiles and Solar Power Applications. It gets charged in 12 volts. With the help of charged battery, Arduino and Bluetooth get started. The Bluetooth module receives commands from android smart mobile and sends it to Arduino, which in turn gives signals to the motor driver circuit. If the master and slave pins are paired then, red and blue Light emitting diodes on the module blinks at one time per two seconds in interval and if disconnected, blue Light emitting diode blinks for two times per second. Motor Driver circuit receives signal from Arduino, which is a low current signal and is not sufficient to drive DC Motors. Hence, L293D IC is used to Amplify it to a high current signal, which is sufficient to drive the DC Motors. For rotating the motor in clockwise direction, Pin 2 is assigned Logic ‘1’ and Pin 7 is assigned logic ‘0’ and to rotate the motor in anticlockwise direction, Pin2 is assigned Logic 0 and Pin 7 is assigned Logic’1’. With the help of motor drivers, the DC Motors get started, by which vehicle moves Forward or Backward and Left or Right.

Architecture

BLOCK DIAGRAM