Robot Control using Hand Signal

Abstract

This system describes the design and implementation of a robot that moves by hand gestures. Therefore, it removes the hassle of using joysticks or switches. The robot’s speed is also controlled during its movement by the hand. An accelerometer has been used that converts different hand gestures into data signals. The robot has two sections: the transmitting end and the receiving end. The transmitting end transmits the gesture signals and the receiving end receives them. The accelerometer works as the sensor as it senses the different gestures made by the hand and converts them into analog signals which are further processed and transmitted to the receiving end.

Existing System

In this system, the robot is controlled by a mobile phone that makes a call to the mobile phone attached to the robot. In the course of a call, if any button is pressed, tone corresponding to the button pressed is heard at the other end of the all. This tone is called “dual-tone multiple-frequency” (DTMF) tone. The robot perceives this DTMF tone with the help of the phone stacked in the robot. The received tone is processed by the AT89C51 microcontroller with the help of DTMF decoder MT8870. The decoder decodes the DTMF one into its equivalent binary digit and this binary number is sent to the microcontroller. The microcontroller is pre-programmed to take a decision for any given input and output sits decision to motor drivers in order to drive the motors for forward or backward motion or a turn. The mobile that makes a call to the mobile phone stacked in the robot acts as a remote. So this simple robotic project does not require the construction of receiver and transmitter units when constructing any robot, one major mechanical constraint is the number there a two-wheel drive or a four-wheel drive. Though four-wheel drive is more complex than two-wheel drive, it provides more torque and good control. Two-wheel drive, on the other hand, is very easy to construct. Motors are fixed to the bottom of this sheet and the circuit is affixed firmly on top of the sheet. A cell phone is also mounted on the sheet as shown in the picture. In the four-wheel drive system, the two motors on a side are controlled in parallel. So a single L293D driver IC can drive the rover.

Proposed System

The whole project has been divided into two sections. One section contains the transmitter and the other contains the receiver. The transmitter section contains the accelerometer, Arduino, and the RF transmitter. The transmitter section is implemented on a circuit board and that circuit board is mounted on the top of the hand. Then by tilting the hand in five different directions the gestures are being made. Those gestures are then caught by the accelerometer and then converts it into data signal which is then read by the Arduino and later passed to the RF transmitter for the wireless transmission to take place in the system. The receiver section consists of the RF receiver, Arduino, motor driver module and the DC motors. The data that the RF transmitter transmits is then received by the RF receiver which is later read by the Arduino. The Arduino then instructs the motor driver module to make the motors drive in the specified direction which was made earlier by the tilting in the transmitter section.

Architecture

BLOCK DIAGRAM